Which type of necrosis is associated with fungal infections and usually affects the lungs?

The type of necrosis associated with fungal infections, particularly in the lungs, is caseous necrosis. This type of necrosis is characterized by a cheese-like (caseous) appearance and is often linked to granulomatous inflammation, which occurs in response to chronic infections. Fungal infections such as histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis, which primarily affect the lungs, lead to caseous necrosis due to the body's immune response attempting to wall off the pathogens within granulomas.

In the context of this question, it is notable that while liquefactive necrosis can occur in certain infections, particularly bacterial, it does not have the distinctive cheese-like appearance and is more often associated with abscess formation rather than the granulomatous response seen with fungal infections. Coagulative necrosis is typically seen in situations like myocardial infarction and does not particularly pertain to fungal infections. Fat necrosis is associated with pancreatic injury and trauma to adipose tissue rather than lung infections.