Which test is commonly used to assess corneal sensitivity?

Esthesiometry is the test commonly used to assess corneal sensitivity. This test evaluates the functional sensitivity of the corneal nerve endings, which are responsible for the cornea's ability to respond to touch and other stimuli. Using a specific instrument called an esthesiometer, a clinician can gauge how well the cornea can detect sensations such as light touch or vibration. This is particularly relevant in diagnosing conditions that can affect corneal innervation, such as diabetes or herpes simplex keratitis.

Other tests mentioned, while related to corneal health, assess different aspects. Corneal pachymetry measures the thickness of the cornea, providing information about corneal health but not sensitivity. The Schirmer test assesses tear production, which relates to the overall function of the ocular surface but does not directly measure corneal sensitivity. Fluorescein staining is primarily used to evaluate the integrity of the corneal epithelium and to identify defects or abrasions but does not provide data on sensitivity levels. Thus, esthesiometry is the appropriate tool for directly measuring corneal sensitivity.