Which term is used for an increase in cell number that may also lead to cancer?

The term that refers to an increase in cell number is hyperplasia. This process can occur in response to various stimuli, such as hormonal changes or tissue injury, leading to an increase in tissue or organ size. Hyperplasia itself is typically a benign process and involves a well-regulated increase in cell proliferation.

However, it’s important to note that while hyperplasia can be associated with certain conditions that have the potential to progress to cancer, it is not inherently cancerous. In some instances, hyperplasia may be a precursor to neoplastic changes, particularly in tissues where prolonged stimulation or irritation occurs.

Dysplasia refers to an abnormal organization of cells within a tissue and is often a sign of pre-malignant changes. Neoplasia, on the other hand, is a term that encompasses both benign and malignant growths, including cancer. Atrophy refers to a decrease in cell number or size, leading to the reduction of tissue mass. Each of these terms describes different cellular changes and conditions, thus highlighting why hyperplasia is the appropriate choice when discussing an increase in cell number with potential implications for cancer development.