Which screening tests are known to test for active Syphilis infections? (Choose 2)

The correct answers for screening tests that are used to identify active syphilis infections are RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin) and VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) tests.

The RPR test is a non-treponemal test that detects antibodies that are produced in response to the substances released by damaged cells due to syphilis infection. It is widely used as a screening test due to its quick results and ease of use. Similarly, the VDRL test is another non-treponemal test, primarily used for screening and it also detects antibodies associated with syphilis.

Both tests can yield reactive results in the presence of an active syphilis infection, thereby helping in the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease. Although these tests can produce false positives and are not specific to treponemal infections, they are effective for initial screening purposes.

On the other hand, FTA-ABS (Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption) and MHA-TP (Microscopic Hemagglutination Assay - Treponema pallidum) are treponemal tests that confirm the diagnosis of syphilis by detecting antibodies specific to the treponemal bacteria.