Which of the following is a common risk factor for developing a venous thromboembolism (VTE)?

Prolonged immobility is a well-documented risk factor for developing venous thromboembolism (VTE), which encompasses conditions like deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). When an individual remains inactive for extended periods, such as during long flights, hospitalization, or bed rest, blood flow in the veins—particularly in the lower limbs—can become sluggish. This reduced blood flow contributes to clot formation, as stagnant blood is more prone to coagulate.

In contrast, regular physical activity promotes healthy circulation and helps prevent the stasis of blood that can lead to clotting. A low cholesterol diet does not directly relate to the risk of VTE; rather, cholesterol levels are more associated with cardiovascular health than venous thromboembolism. Similarly, high fluid intake is generally beneficial, contributing to hydration and perhaps assisting in maintaining normal blood circulation, but it does not serve as a direct preventive factor for VTE.

Understanding the implications of prolonged immobility emphasizes the need for preventative measures, such as encouraging movement, especially in individuals at higher risk for clotting events.