Which autoimmune condition is associated with granulomatous anterior uveitis?

Granulomatous anterior uveitis is primarily associated with sarcoidosis. This condition is characterized by the formation of granulomas, which are small clusters of immune cells that form in response to persistent inflammation. In sarcoidosis, the granulomas can develop in various organs, including the eyes, leading to uveitis, which manifests as inflammation of the uveal tract. Granulomatous anterior uveitis specifically refers to inflammation that affects the anterior chamber of the eye and is often recognized by the presence of keratic precipitates and other findings that suggest granulomatous involvement.

In contrast, the other listed autoimmune conditions can cause uveitis but are more often associated with non-granulomatous types of inflammation or different clinical presentations. For example, rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis are more commonly associated with a non-granulomatous anterior uveitis type. Systemic lupus erythematosus may induce various ocular manifestations but does not typically present with granulomatous disease in the context of uveitis.

Thus, the specific association of sarcoidosis with granulomatous anterior uveitis highlights its unique pathological mechanism and clinical implications, making it the correct answer in this context.