What is the main treatment option for Addison's disease?

Addison's disease, or primary adrenal insufficiency, is characterized by the inadequate production of hormones by the adrenal glands, especially cortisol and aldosterone. The mainstay of treatment for Addison's disease involves replacing these deficient hormones.

The combination of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids is critical because glucocorticoids, such as hydrocortisone, address the deficiency of cortisol, which plays a key role in metabolism, the immune response, and stress management. Mineralocorticoids, such as fludrocortisone, are essential for regulating electrolyte balance and blood pressure through the retention of sodium and the excretion of potassium.

Using both types of hormone replacement is more effective than using either hormone alone, as it ensures that the patient receives comprehensive treatment for the symptoms and complications associated with the disease. Therefore, this combination therapy is the standard approach to managing Addison's disease effectively.